willcox



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. o. H. WILLUOX & s. BURTON.

PULLEY.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet a; G. H. WILLO'OX & S. BURTON.

PULLEY.

No. 373,790. Patented Nov 22, 1887;.

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JM' W% N. PETERS, Pholo-Litmgnphcr. Washington; ac.

UNITED STATES PATENT Pr on.

oHAELEs H. WILLCOX, on NEW YORK, N. Y., AND STOCKTON BORTON, or

PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS TO THE wILLoox & GIBBS sEwINor MACHINE COMPANY, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

PULLEY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 373.790, dated November 22, 1887. Application filed August 16, 1887. Serial No. 247,072. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that we, OHAELEs HENRY WILLOOX, of New York city,in the county and State of New York, and STOCKTON BoR'roN, 5 of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented a newand useful Improvement in Pulleys, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention has reference more particu- IO larly to the construction of fast and loose pulleys and their arrangement side by side 'upon the shafts of the sewing or of other machines, or upon pulley-shafts generally, when ever employed. r As usually constructed and mounted, the oil supplied to the bearing of the loose pulley works its way along the faces thereof, and finally by centrifugal force is thrown off the rim. This scattering of oil by loose pulleys in machines of every description occasions annoyance, uncleanliuess, and a Waste of oil. 7 The object of the present invention is to prevent the oil supplied to the pulleys from escaping and being thrown from the rim thereof, and also to return continuously the escaping oil back to the bearing of the loose pulley, thereby effecting great economy in the use of oil.

The face of the fast pulley, or it may be of a portion of the frame adjacent to the loose pulley, is provided with an undercut circular groove or recess. The loose wheel or pulley has on the inside, or side adjacent to this groove or recess, a flange forming a long bearing. This flange or projecting part extends into the recess or undercut circular groove referred to above, or a flange is formed on the hub of the loose pulley, which projects into said recess or groove. With this construction there can be no escape of oil from the bearing of the loose pulley on the inside, for the flange of the pulley being within the recess of the fast pulley any oil attempting to escape would be thrownoff the flange and caught in the undercut groove in the latter. If the bearing for the outside of the loose wheeler pulley be against a part of the frame of the machine, escape of oil on that side can be prevented by forming a recess in the frame and extending the hub into the recess, as described in Patent No. 276,112, to Willcox and Carleton, dated April 17, I 1883. Frequently, however, the construction of the machine does not admit of this, in which case the loose pulley is provided with an undercut groove or recess on the outside or side away from the fast pulley.

When there is no part of the frame alongside of the loose pulley, a collar is or may be fixed to the shaft close to said pulley and a soft-metal washer driven between this collar and the shaft to prevent oil working itsway,

as it would otherwise do, between them.

This application of a collar and soft-metal washer is a valuable feature of the invention, and is found an effectual means of preventing 6 the passage of oil along a shaft, whether from i a loose pulley or a bearing or other part requiring oil. The washer can be readily picked out in case it is desired to remove the collar and pulleys. the calking-washer may be the fast pulley, or part answering thereto, as will be hereinafter described' WVhen the pulleys are at the end of the shaft, they are preferably so mounted that the ex 7 tremity of the shaft does not reach quite to the outer face of the fast pulley, thus forming a small chamber in the center of the latter. This is partly closed by a washer perforated centrally for an oil'hole. From this chamber one or more oblique holes aredrilled through the hub of the wheel, by which the oil is conducted as required-to the bearing of theloose pulley. I

When the pulleys are on a shaft between its bearings, the oil may be applied to the bearing of the loose pulley by a hole or holes leading from the outside undercut groove of the fast pulley through the hub of the latter.

The inside undercut groove of the fast pulo ley acts as a reservoir to collect any oil at tempting to escape on the adjacent face of the loose pulley. When the opposite side of the loose pulley is grooved, as above explained, a series of transverse holes are drilled through 5 the hub of the loose pulley to conduct the oil Of course the collar containing 70 collected on that side (where it would bewasted, and would moreover be inaccessible and could not be removed by wiping) into the inside recess or groove of the fast pulley. The outside and inside grooves of the latter are also in communication by a series of holes, so that any excess of oil, no matter where it may escape, finally appears in the outside recess of the fast pulley. WVhen the latter is rotating, the oil is spread out in a ring by centrifugal action around the bottom of the recesses. \Vhen it comes to rest, a part would naturally flow down the outside face and so find its way back to the oil-chamber, and, by the oilholes, to the bearing of the loose pulley. To increase the quantity of oil so returned, the face (and in some instances both faces) of the fast pulley is provided with radial grooves leading to the oil-chamber or direct to the oilholes that supply oil to the bearing. To further assist the automatic return of the oil to the place where it is needed an oil spoon or distributer is attached to the hub of the loose pulley and projects within the adjacent recess of the fast pulley. Vhen the belt is shifted from the latter to the former and the oil flows by gravity to the bottom of the recess of the fast pulley, the oil-spoon catches it up and carries it to the top of the recess, whence it flows, asalready indicated, back to the bearing to be oiled.

The invention is applicable to frictionpulleys, so called, and to a single loose pulley or idler, as will be hereinafter explained.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a sectional view lengthwise of the shaft; Fig. 2, a face view of the fast pulley; Fig. 3, an elevation, and Fig. 1 a longitudinal section, showinganother form of the invention. Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8, show the invention applied to pulleys placed on a counter-shaft between its bearings, Figs. 5 and 7 being elevations, and Figs. 6 and 8 sections. Figs. 9, 10, and 11 illustrate the invention applied to a friction-pulley, Fig. being an elevation, and Figs. 9 and ll lougitudinal sections, (on lines y 3 and z 2, respectively, of Fig. 10.) Figs. 12 and 13 show the invention applied to a single loose pulley or idler, Fig. 12 being a longitudinal section, and Fig. 13 a partial crossseet-ion on line xx.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 to 4, which show the inven -ion applied to pulleys mounted on the end of the shaft, the fast pul' ley A is cast with a long hub, a, to form a bearing for the loose pulley B. The former is provided with recesses 3 1 011 the inside and outside faces, respectively, the flanges 1 and 2 overhanging the recesses, so as to form circular undercut grooves.

The hub of pulley B is extended on the side adjacent to pulley A, forming the flange 5, which projects into recess 3 and bears at its end against the web 6 of the fast pulley. Oil from the bearings of the loose pulley B has a tendency to work its way outward between the web 6 and end of flange 5. To prevent its traveling along the outside of said flange the latter is grooved to form an edge, 7, from which, when the loose pulley is rotating, the oil would be thrown off by centrifugal force, and when stationary would drop off by gravity into the groove 3, from which it could not escape between the rims of pulleys A and B.

The construction of the holes for supplying oil to the bearings of the loose pulley would necessarily depend somewhat upon the position of the pulleys with reference to the shaft and to other parts of the machine.

In Figs. 1 to4 the pulleysare secured to the end of the shaft 0 by a screw, 8, passing through the hub a of the fast pulley. The fast pulley A projects somewhat beyond the end of the shalt, leaving within the fast pulley a cylindrical chamber, 9, a little larger in diameter than the shaft 0. This chamber 9 is partly closed by a metal washer, 10, provided with a central oil-hole, 11. The chamber 9 constitutes a reservoir for the oil, and can be filled to the level of the hole 11. Should any oil escape from the latter or be spilled in filling the chamber, it would run along the face of the pulley and be caught in the groove 4. From the chamber 9 one or more holes, 12, are drilled obliquely through hub a, through which the oil is carried by centrifugal force when pulley A is in motion, and by gravity when it is at rest, to the bearing of loose pulley L.

As shown in Fig. 1, the loose pulley B bears at one end against a part, D, of the frame of the machine, and to prevent escape ofoil from the bearing along this face it extends into a recess in the frame. The oil will not travel along the outside of the pulley, this being prevented bythe groove 14. in the latter, which forms an edge from which any accumulation of oil will be thrown off by centrifugal action into the recess in the frame.

Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate the construction adopted when there is no part of the frame of the machine adjacent to the face of the loose pulley B. As therein illustrated, the eccentrics c d are cast in one piece with the pulley A. Pulley B is slipped over these eccentrics and is held in place 011 the hub a of pulley A by the washer 15, secured to the end of said hub by screws 16. The pulleys are fastened on the shaft by screw 8, for access to which a hole, 18, is drilled through the rim of pulley B, the hole being plugged by a screw, 19. The outer face of pulley B is recessed or provided with an undercut groove, 17, in which will collect oil from the bearing of the pulley and from eccentric (1. Transverse holes are drilled through the pulley from this recess, putting the same into communication with the inside recess, 3, of pulley A. The holes or channels 20 are so disposed that the oil will flow through them before overflowing the edge of groove 17. On reaching the inner ends of these channels the oil will flow to the projecting edge 21, which is well within the recess 3, and from which the oil will be thrown by centrifugal force or drop by gravity into the undercut groove 3. Thus by the construction described and shown all excess of oil tending to escape on either side of. pulleyB is collected in the groove 3 of the fast pulley.

The grooves 3 and 4 are in communication by holes 23, drilled through the web 6 near the periphery of the recess. The face of pulley A is provided with a number of grooves, 24, which radiate from the opening 11 of oilohamber 9. The holes 23, leading from the recess 3 to recess 4, are at the ends of these grooves. When pulley A comes to rest, the grooves 24 afford passages to conduct the oil from the top of the recess back to the oilchamber 9, while that which gravitates'to the a bottom of the recess can pass through the b lique holes 23 at their ends into the inner recess or groove, 3.

The oil spoon or distributor 25 consists of a small strip of metal loosely pivoted on ascrew, 26, in a groove, '27, turned in the hub of loose pulley B. When pulley B is in motion, the oil-spoon 25 flies out into the position shown in the drawings, and takes up the oil which collects by gravity in the bottom of groove 3, carrying it upward and throwing it off into the upper part of the groove 3, whence by means of holes 23 and radial grooves 24 it is conducted back to the oil-chamber 9 to be used again. Thus a constant circulation of oil is maintained.

By turning. the pulley B in the reverse direction to that indicated by the arrows, Figs. 2 and 3, the oil-spoon 25 is caused to lie down in the groove 27, so that it will not interfere with the removal of the loose pulley B.

In Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8 the pulleys A B are shown applied to an ordinary counter-shaft, O. Pulley B is, asbefore, mounted on the hub a .of pulley A, and the. latter is secured to the shaft by a screw, 8, passing through its rim; The construction illustrated by Fig. 6, the pulleys being mounted on the shaft between its bearings, does not admit of an oil-distributing chamber at the center of the pulley, and consequently the outside recess, 4, is modified in form so as to constitute the oil-chamber. This recess is undercut at both top and bottom, forming a groove of dovetail form in cross-section. The holes 12, leading therefrom through the hub a to the bearing of pulley B, are inclined first toward the shaft, so that oil'will collect in the bottom by gravity, and then outward, breaking through the bearing of the loose pulley. The holes 12 are intersected by holes 27, leading from the inner recess, 3, of the fast pulley. The outer face of pulley A has grooves 24, as before; and in this construction the inner face has corresponding grooves 28. These grooves are opposite each other, so that the holes 23, breaking through the web 6 and connecting-recesses 3 and 4, start from the bottoms of the grooves. Likewise the intersecting holes communicating with oilholes 12 lead from the bottoms of the inner radial grooves, 28. Asbefore, the loose pulley B has a flange, 5, extending into the recess 3, into which the oil is thrown, and from which it is conducted back to the bearing by holes 23 or 27 and oil-holes 12. As in Figs. 3 and 4, pulley B is held in place by washer 15 and screws 16, and is provided with an undercut groove, 17, communicating by transverse holes 20 with recess 3. In Fig. 6, however, the holes 20 are cut obliquely through the hub instead of parallel to the shaft, the former consufficient thickness to admit of it. The oilsp0on'(see Fig. 8) is formed in this case of a bent rod or wirejournaled in the face of pulley B, and held in place by a pin, 29, which enters a hole bored mainly to one side of the journal-hole, but slightly intersecting it. A groove is turned partly around the shank of oil-spoon 25, so that when at rest it will occupy a position which will permit the loose pulley to be withdrawn from the tight pulley. Fig. 8 also shows the pulley applied to the end ofashaftprojectingthroughabearing,30. This bearing enters the undercut groove 17 of the loose pulley, and it is provided with a groove, '31, on the under side, so that any oil tending to flow along the bearing would be cut off by groove 31 and compelled to drop into groove 17. The construction of the pulleys with an outer as well as an inner undercut recess is preferred, but is not strictly. necessary. Thus, as shown in Fig. 8, the holes 12 may be plugged at their outer ends by plugs 49, in which case the inner radial grooves, 28, and the oil-holes 27 would convey the oil to the oil-holes 12 for its return to the bearing of the loose pulley. In Figs. 9, 10, and 11 the invention is shown as applied to a form of clutch or friction-pulley which is in common use. In this case the carrier A, which answers to the fast pulley, is secured to the shaft by screw 8, and the loose pulley B is mounted on the shaft adjacent to it and held in place by a collar, 32, and screw 33. The carrier A projects into the rim of pulley Band carries two segments, 34 35, on opposite sides of the shaft. These segments slide transversely to the shaft in guides formed on carrier A, and are forced outwardly into contact with the inside of rim of pulley B by means of the two levers 36, which are pivoted to projecting lugs 54 on carrier A by means of pins 53. At the outerend of these levers 36 are screw-studs 37. A sliding collar, 38, which is operated by a shipper in the ordinary way, has a conical end, which, when the collar 38 is moved to the position shown in Fig. 9, pushes the studs 37 apart and forces the segments 34 35 into conter revolves with the shaft. When the collar 38 is moved to the right, the segments 34 35 are drawn together by the spiral tensionsprings 39, and so release the pulley B, which can now revolve independently of the shaft. The loose pulley B is constructed substantially as heretofore described, being provided with the undercut groove.17, the oblique tact with the rim of pulley B, so that the latstruction being preferred when the hub is of transverse oil holes 20, and the projecting flange 5. The carrier A has only the recess or groove 3, formed by the flange 1 adjacent to the loose pulley, there being no recess on the outside of the carrier. The inside face has the radial grooves 28, (see Fig. 9,) by which the oil thrown off the flange 5 is returned to the bearings. The journal-hole of the pulley B has grooves 40 cut therein to distribute the oil around the hearing. The grooves could, of course, bein the shaft. The oil-spoon 25 (see Fig. 11) is constructed substantially as described in connection with Fig. 8, being journaled in a hole in the face of the hub of loose pulley B and held in place by a pin, 29. Oil is supplied to the recess 3 by the oil-hole 11, Figs. 10 and 11, which is countersunk on the inside and surrounded by an annular groove, 42, to prevent escape of oil. The hole 11 may be left always open, or it may be closed by a plug, if found necessary.

In the construction shown in Figs. 9, 10, and 11 oil would tend to escapebetween the shaft and the tight pulley or carrier A. prevented by a washer, 43, of soft metal, inserted in an undercut groove in the hub of carrier A; and when the carrier is fastened in position on the shaft-this washer 43 is expanded by calking or by driving the sliding collar 38 against it. The collar 32 on the op posite side of pulley B tapers slightly, as shown, being widest at the end which enters the recess 17. It is observed that oil on the outside of a revolving part has a tendency to work its way along the surface until the widest part is reached, and advantage is taken of this fact to conduct any oil that may pass between collar 32 and the shaft back to recess 17 in pulley B. It is better, however, to cut ofl entirely the escape of oil in this direction by calking the end of collar 32 with a soft-metal washer, 41, driven into an undercut groove formed in the end of the collar for that purpose. Of course with such construction it is not so important that the collar 32 be tapering and the pulley B be provided with the recess 17.

Figs. 12 and 13 illustrate asingle loose pulley or idler, B, running upon a stud, 0, fastened to the frame D of a suitable stand or table by means of a screw, 45. The frame D is provided with the recess 3, formed by the flange 2, and into said recess projects the flange 5 on the hub-of the pulley B, as before. 7 The pulley has the undercut groove 17, inclosing the conical head 0 of the stud O, the oblique transverse oil-holes 20, and the oil-spoon 25,

already described with reference to the other This is without departing from the spirit thereof; and it is also obvious that parts of the invention may be used without the whole. For example, the construction shown in Figs. 9, 10, and 11, wherein the loose pulley runs on the shaft, is applicable alone to ordinary fast and loose pulleys as well as to friction-pulleys.

Having now fully described our said inven tion, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with the loose pulley having on one side an undercut groove and transverse oil-holes leading therefrom and on the other side a flange, of a part such as a fast pulley having an undercut groove on the side adjacent to said loose pulley, the flange on the latterprqjccting into said groove, substantially as described.

2. The combination of theloose pulley having a flange, and the part adjacent to said loose pulley having an undercut recess or groove into which said flange projects, and oil holes or passages leading from said recess to the bearing of the loose pulley, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the shaft, the fast pulley having an undercut groove and an oilchamber, and the loose pulley having a flange projecting into said groove, the hub of the fast pulley being provided with an oblique hole or holes for conducting oil from said oilchamber to the bearing of the loose pulley, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the shaft, the fast pulley secured thereon so that its hub projects beyond the end of the shaft forming a chamber, the washer closing the end of this chamber and provided with an oil-hole, and the loose pulley mounted on the hub of the fast pulley, said hub being provided with holes for conducting the oil from said chamber to the bearing of the loose pulley, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the fast pulley, having on each side an undercut groove connected by holes or passages, and the loose pulley having a flange extending into the groove on the inside of the fast pulley, substantially as described.

6. The combination of the fast pulley, having an inside undercut recess and radial grooves on its face, and the loose pulley having a flange projecting into said recess, substantially as described.

7. The combination of the loose pulley having a flange, an oilspoon secured thereto,and a part adjacent to said pulley having an undercut oil-recess, into which said flange and oil-spoon project, substantially as described.

8. The combination of the fast pulley having an outer and an inner undercut recess connected by holes passing through the web of the pulley, the loose pulley having a flange projecting into the inner recess, and an oilspoon carried by the projecting part of the loose pulley, said pulleys being providedwith oil holes or passages leading from the recess or recesses of the fast pulley to the bearing of the loose pulley, substantially as described.

9. The combination of a fast pulley having an undercut recess and radial grooves in theface thereof, a loose pulley having a flange projecting into said recess, and an oilspoon carried by said loose pulley, substantially as described. a

10. The combination of the fast pulley having an inside and an outside recess, radial grooves in both faces, perforations connecting the two recesses, and a series of oil-holes leading to the bearing of the loose pulley, and the loose pulley having on one side a circular flange projecting into the adjacent recess of the fast pulley, on the other side an undercut groove, and a series of transverse oil-holes leading from said groove into the inside recess of the fast pulley, substantially as described.

11. The combination, with a revolving shaft and a part such as a loosevpulley requiring lubricating-oil, of a collar fixed to said shaft alongside of said part, and having a recess in one end thereof between it and the shaft, and a soft-metal calking-washer packed in said recess to prevent escape of oil between it and said shaft, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHAS. H. WILLCOX. STOCKTON BORTON. Witnesses:

J. H. COOKE, J. PARMLY. 

